In the previous post in this series, we built the NOT gate — a relay wired to invert its input. Energize the coil, and the output goes off; release it,...
In the previous post in this series, we wired a relay's normally-open contacts in parallel and watched OR appear from the circuit without any abstraction required. Step back and look...
In the previous post, we built the AND gate from relays: two contacts in series, both coils must fire for the lamp to light. Boole's notation for that rule is...
In the previous post, you wired two switches in parallel and felt OR emerge from the circuit itself — a lamp that lights when either switch closes. In Post 2,...
In the previous post, you wired two knife switches in series — one after the other in a single line — and discovered that the lamp only lights when both...
In the first post in this series, we learned that a relay is a switch thrown by electricity — one circuit controlling another. That single device already hints at logic....
TL;DR: Binary-coded decimal (BCD) stores each decimal digit 0–9 in its own 4-bit nibble, leaving codes 1010–1111 invalid. Adding two BCD digits requires a "+6" correction whenever the binary sum...
TL;DR: A BCD to 7-segment decoder takes a 4-bit binary-coded-decimal digit (0–9) and lights the right combination of segments a–g on a digital display. The mapping is defined by a...
TL;DR: There is no single "best" digital logic simulator — DigiSim.io leads on curriculum, animations, and multilingual support; Logisim Evolution and Digital (hneemann) win for offline academic use; CircuitVerse is...
TL;DR: Booth's algorithm multiplies signed binary numbers in two's complement by scanning the multiplier two bits at a time and choosing one of three actions per step: add the multiplicand,...
TL;DR: A working CPU is just five subsystems wired together — a register file, an ALU, a tri-state data bus, a RAM module, and a control unit that orchestrates them...
TL;DR: A carry-lookahead adder computes every carry bit in parallel from per-bit generate () and propagate () signals, dropping the addition's critical path from to at the cost of a...
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