Two-Motor Hybrid Powertrain

Look inside the mechanism

The eight assembly views frame the whole system or one assembly. Assembly views isolate their component and use the X-ray reveal; turn X-ray off to inspect the exterior. Isolate selected assembly removes neighboring assemblies without altering the model.

Drag to orbit, right-drag or Shift-drag to pan, and zoom with ⌘/Ctrl and the scroll wheel, or with the wheel alone in full screen. Touch supports one-finger orbit and two-finger zoom and pan. The camera can come within 8 mm of a part at model scale, and nothing stops it looking behind parts.

X-ray changes casing opacity. Section clips geometry without removing it, and Section depth moves the plane through the selected assembly. Explode separates engine covers, machine end covers, PCU layers and battery covers; it does not stretch gear axes or the crank mechanism.

With the exhibit focused, Space pauses, X toggles X-ray, R resets the camera and N advances to the next ignition event, keeping the engine phase, cams, pistons and sprockets synchronized. With the engine off, N advances drivetrain motion instead. Keys 1–4 select the four modes.

Road speed and true shaft rpm are kept separate from animation time: at a 1% time scale every shaft and the timing chain advance at one hundredth of their displayed rpm. Ignition is event-detected, so sparks are not lost between rendered frames, and each flash persists briefly for legibility. Front steering demonstrates unequal left and right wheel speeds and their average at the open differential.

For a readable combustion sequence, select Engine & ignition, pause, and step to the next ignition event; Inspect ignition gap pauses at the next spark and frames its electrodes in close-up. For copper end turns and the V magnets, select Electric machines, enable Section and adjust Explode. For the vehicle-scale battery location, select Vehicle layout.

What is measured. What is reconstructed.

This exhibit is a substantial engineering rebuild of the Museum's earlier two-motor hybrid model. It targets the architecture of a first-generation two-motor hybrid sedan, using a 2014 HEV teardown and the manufacturer's contemporary motor and PCU paper. It is not an OEM manufacturing model or an authenticated replica of every model-year detail.

Source-backed architecture and dimensions

Important reconstruction limits

Engine casting surfaces, brackets, cosmetic covers, fasteners, cooling passages and manifold contours are procedural approximations. The head and cylinder bores are aligned to the crank and piston mechanism, but no OEM CAD was used. Timing chain counts (20/40 teeth, 168 links), rod length, valve event curves and the 12° ignition advance are illustrative; they are not manufacturer calibration data.

The electric machines have complete, non-destructively sectioned 360° geometry. Individual turn count, coil pitch, conductor grouping, resolver detail and small magnet-pocket dimensions are representative. Colored windings, moving power-flow markers and field loops are explanatory overlays, not an electromagnetic finite-element solution. PCB traces and board-component placements illustrate the documented PCU stack; they are not a reverse-engineered production PCB netlist.

Tire dimensions are nominal; deformation and tire slip are omitted. Track (1.585 m), chassis outlines and battery longitudinal placement are packaging approximations. The CV joints and the open differential are reconstructed mechanisms, not scans of production parts. At a selected speed the model is a steady-state kinematic demonstrator: it does not calculate engine fuel maps, road dynamics, inverter PWM, battery aging or production hybrid-control decisions.

References

• ORNL / US Department of Energy — Benchmarking EV and HEV Technologies (2016), PDF pages 9–11 and 29–31
• Kuroki & Otsuka — development of the motor and power control unit for a two-motor hybrid system, manufacturer’s technical review 25(2), 2013
• Manufacturer — 2014 hybrid sedan specifications
• Manufacturer — 2014 hybrid sedan emergency response guide (public mirror)

This educational reconstruction is independent and is not endorsed by any vehicle manufacturer. Every part and texture is generated in the browser from the exhibit's own code.