探索内部机构

增压器内部结构。

一根轴，两个叶轮，九片可变导向叶片。

正在启动正在构建模型

视角聚焦

转子转速0rpm · 物理模型

歧管增压压力0.00bar(g) · 相对环境压力

空气质量流量0.0g/s · 准稳态

压比1.00压气机出口 / 进口

拖动以旋转 · 右键拖动以平移 · 滚轮缩放参考数据建模，非原厂 CAD 数据

T↗

正在打开总成

正在加载重构总成。

工况点发动机运转

发动机转速1,800 rpm

8004,200 rpm

发动机负荷需求18 %

排气能量低高

慢动作

仿真 ×1 · 为便于观察有意降低了叶轮播放转速。

可变喷嘴控制

9 个叶片

自动增压调节

手动喷嘴开度90 %

窄喉口开启

真空控制信号−6.0 kPa(g)

有效流通面积*4.8 cm²

*几何喉口近似值。控制器与真空标定仅供教学参考，非原厂出厂设置。

增压响应

模型值目标值

过去 30 个仿真秒bar(g)

轴功率平衡

实时

涡轮 → 轴: 0.00 kW
轴 → 压气机: 0.00 kW
机械损失: 0.00 kW
转子净扭矩: 0.000 N·m

J · dω/dt = τ_涡轮− τ_压气机− τ_损耗

各测点温度与压力

测点	bar(a)	°C

环境状态：1.01325 bar(a)，25 °C。中冷器仅作为边界条件模型，并非该涡轮增压器内部的独立组件。

曲面版本 02

精细化铸造细分、褶皱感知平滑法线、弯曲叶片曲面、圆角倒角过渡、精确提取自网格的截面切面，以及分离的铸铁、机加工、青铜、钢、橡胶和切割金属饰面。所有几何尺寸仍为重构估算值。

参考与限制说明

有据可查的架构。
明确的重构模型。

这是一个依据参考资料制作的原创建模教学模型，参考九导叶可变截面涡轮增压器构型。它并非三维扫描件、OEM CAD 文件、工程制造图纸或经过标定的发动机仿真模型。

明确特征区分：九个喷嘴导叶。

制造商官方的互换公告明确区分了这款九导叶机型与外观相似的十一导叶机型。仅凭外观相似并不能直接互换。

制造商互换公告

为何选择该型号？

紧凑型单轴柴油机可变截面架构使得能量传递、径向至轴向流动、轴颈支承以及增压调节机制能够在一个装配体内清晰直观地呈现。它提供了一个具体明确的参考实物，而不是混合杂糅多种涡轮增压器类型的概念模型。

非陈述声明

尚未查找到按单个涡轮零件号统计的、经核实且具可比性的全球装机量排名。因此本应用不会将该型号称为全球装机量最大的型号。

厂商对比与指标规范

制造商的技术公告支持该特定导叶构型。其他供应商记录了广泛的 OE 配套覆盖范围及多种不同的增压架构。其中一家供应商报告其在2020 年累计生产了 1 亿台涡轮增压器——这是全公司历史累计总量，并非指单一型号的生产量或当前的在役保有量。这些陈述不能直接折算为有效的型号级排名依据。

供应商技术产品组合
供应商企业发展史

重构模型，非实测数据

壳体轮廓、歧管装配朝向角度、叶片曲面、间隙、油道钻孔、轴承型号、执行器尺寸与连杆几何形状均为估算值。压气机 32.9 / 49 mm 与涡轮 43 / 35.9 mm 的直径参数为模型输入值，并非经认证的原厂实测尺寸。

运行模型限制说明

基于扭矩/转动惯量模型模拟转速上升（涡轮起压）与滑行减速。气流按准稳态处理。效率、排气温度、损失、惯量、中冷器响应与增压控制器仅用于原理演示。未包含压气机特性图（MAP 图）、喘振或阻塞模型、燃烧求解器、CFD、热应力模型、弹流润滑轴承求解或机油压力故障仿真。

可视化效果说明

涡轮叶轮与压气机叶轮共用一根轴及同一渲染转角。为便于观察，其视觉旋转速度经过了刻意降低；物理模型的实际转速单独标出。剖切面由网格-平面相交算法实时重建。隔离视图中隐藏了壳体以方便检视内部；爆炸视图保持当前的运行状态。滑动轴承油膜采用原理示意显示，未对油膜压力分布或轴承自转进行精确求解。

更多重要参考资料

售后配件供应商：滑动轴承结构变体
售后配件供应商：止推轴承演进历程
发动机制造商：涡轮–轴–压气机能量传递路径

软件许可与声明

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基于所提供的涡轮增压器研究资料重建。对铸件拓扑、机加工配合面与支架几何结构进行了重构优化。尺寸与表面处理仍为估算值。

增压器内部结构。

正在打开总成

应用程序无法启动

观察结构。调节负载。追踪动态响应。

本期展品